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Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) - Norfolk Island (2002)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) z Norfolk Island (2002)

 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)Norfolk Island (2002)
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsNorfolk Island
Administrative divisions - none (territory of Australia)
Age structure - 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (1996)
Agriculture - products - Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry
Airports none 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total:
3,903 sq km

land:
3,903 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands		 total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Rhode Island about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses a small military garrison. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 miles to 200 miles around each island. Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.
Birth rate - NA births/1,000 population
Budget revenues:
$291,777

expenditures:
$451,000, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)		 revenues: $4.6 million


expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92/93)
Capital - Kingston
Climate variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow subtropical, mild, little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline NA km 32 km
Constitution adopted 3 October 1985 Norfolk Island Act of 1979
Country name conventional long form:
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

conventional short form:
none		 conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
Currency - Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate - NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by UK civil commissioner Donald A. LAMONT, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is the garrison town territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international claimed by Argentina none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK. Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh NA kWh
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%		 fossil fuel: NA%


hydro: NA%


nuclear: NA%


other: NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups - descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians
Exchange rates - Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Anthony J. MESSNER (since 4 August 1997)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA%
Exports - $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)
Exports - commodities - postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados
Exports - partners - Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
Fiscal year - 1 July - 30 June
Flag description the flag of the UK is used three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 54 30 S, 37 00 W 29 02 S, 167 57 E
Geography - note the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated
Highways - total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)
Imports - commodities - NA
Imports - partners - Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
Independence - none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism
Infant mortality rate - NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1993) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions
Labor force - NA
Labor force - by occupation - tourism NA%, subsistence agriculture NA%
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages - English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth - total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
Literacy - NA
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references Antarctic Region Oceania
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of Australia
National holiday Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) Pitcairners Arrival Day, 8 June (1856)
Nationality - noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
Natural hazards the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism typhoons (especially May to July)
Natural resources fish fish
Net migration rate - NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders - none
Political pressure groups and leaders - none
Population no indigenous inhabitants

note:
the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2001 est.)		 1,866 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - -0.69% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Grytviken none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade
Radio broadcast stations none AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 2,500 (1996)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996)
Sex ratio - at birth: NA male(s)/female


under 15 years: NA male(s)/female


15-64 years: NA male(s)/female


65 years and over: NA male(s)/female


total population: NA male(s)/female
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken		 general assessment: adequate


domestic: NA


international: radiotelephone service with Sydney (Australia)
Telephones - main lines in use - 1,087 (1983)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1983)
Television broadcast stations 0 (1997) 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998)
Terrain most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains
Total fertility rate - NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways none none
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